Education and artificial intelligence in communication studies: A technical-practical-ethical discussion in students’ experience of use

Sevil Bal; Sıla Tanışık

doi:10.46372/arts.1585826

TR EN

İletişim çalışmalarında eğitim ve yapay zekâ: Öğrencilerin kullanım deneyiminde teknik-pratik-etik bir tartışma

Öz

Yapay zekâ (YZ) teknolojileri, günümüz dijital dünyasında insan-makine ilişkilerini yeniden şekillendirerek iletişim alanında yeni olanaklar sunmaktadır. YZ tabanlı araçlar, eğitimden iş pratiğine kadar çeşitli alanlarda yaygın olarak kullanılmakta, bu da interdisipliner tartışmaları beraberinde getirmektedir. Üniversitelerde YZ uygulamalarının entegrasyonu, iletişim eğitimine yeni bir deneyim kazandırırken, etik sorunlar, üniversite düzenlemeleri ve öğrenci-akademisyen ilişkileri gibi konularda da yeni tartışmalar ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, üniversitelerde lisans eğitimi alan öğrencilerin YZ kullanım deneyim ve görüşlerinin; teknik bilgi, tüketim rutini, özgün üretim-etik bağlamında incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemi çerçevesinde Ankara’da bir vakıf üniversitesi bünyesinde bulunan iletişim fakültesinin üç farklı bölümünde, farklı sınıflarda eğitim alan on iki lisans öğrencisi ile yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda, YZ kullanım deneyiminin demografik değişkenlere bağlı olarak farklılaşan görüş ve deneyimler üzerinden aktarıldığı; lisans eğitiminde YZ’nin rutin kullanımın yaygınlaştığı; buna karşın özgün üretim ve etik sorumluluğa ilişkin farkındalığın sınırlı olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Education and artificial intelligence in communication studies: A technical-practical-ethical discussion in students’ experience of use

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are reshaping human-machine relationships in today’s digital world, offering new opportunities in the field of communication. AI-based tools are widely used across various sectors, from education to professional practices, prompting interdisciplinary discussions. Integrating AI applications in universities provides a new experience in communication education, generating new debates around ethical issues, university regulations, student-academic relationships. This study aims to explore the AI usage experiences, perspectives of undergraduate students in universities, focusing on technical knowledge, consumption routines, and the context of original production and ethics. The research, employing a qualitative methodology, was conducted through structured in-depth interviews with twelve undergraduate students across three different departments in the faculty of communication at a private university in Ankara. The findings indicate that AI usage experiences differ according to demographic variables; routine use of AI has become widespread in undergraduate education, but awareness of original production and ethical responsibility remains limited.

Keywords

Etik Beyan

"İletişim çalışmalarında eğitim ve yapay zekâ: Öğrencilerin kullanım deneyiminde teknik-pratik-etik bir tartışma" Başkent Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler ve Beşeri Bilimler ve Sanatlar Alanı Araştırma Kurulu tarafından 22 Nisan 2024 tarihinde 171622298.600-122 sayılı kararla etik olarak onaylanmıştır. Gönüllü katılımcılar bilgilendirilmiş onam formlarını imzalamıştır. Katılımcı isimleri anonimdir. Araştırma verilerinin gizliliği yazarların sorumluluğundadır.

Kaynakça

Arslan, K. (2017). Eğitimde yapay zekâ ve uygulamaları. Batı anadolu eğitim bilimleri dergisi, 11(1), 71-88. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/1174773
Bali, M. M., Kumalasani, M. P. & Yunilasari, D. (2022). Artificial intelligence in higher education: Perspicacity relation between educators and students. Journal of innovation in educational and cultural research, 3(2), 146-152. https://doi.org/10.46843/jiecr.v3i2.88
Bostrom, N. & Yudkowsky, E. (2018). The ethics of articial intelligence. R. V. Yampolskiy (Ed.), Artificial intelligence safety and security (1st edition) (p. 57-70). Chapman and Hall/CRC.
Bughin, J., LaBerge, L. & Mellbye, A. (2017, February 9). The case for digital reinvention. McKinsey digital. https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/the-case-for-digital-reinvention
Chomsky, N., Roberts, I. & Watumull, J. (2023, March 8). The false promise of ChatGPT. New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/08/opinion/noam-chomsky-chatgpt-ai.html
Chiu, T. K. F. (2024). Future research recommendations for transforming higher education with generative AI. Computers and education: Artificial intelligence, 6, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.caeai.2024.100239
Connor, K. E. & Cali, D. (2024). Artificial intelligence in departments of communication: A course proposal. Explorations in media ecology, 23(2), 175-198. https://doi.org/10.1386/eme_00204_7
Coşkun, F. & Gülleroğlu, H. D. (2021). Yapay zekânın tarih içindeki gelişimi ve eğitimde kullanılması. Ankara University journal of Faculty of Eucational Sciences (JFES), 54(3), 947-966. https://doi.org/10.30964/auebfd.916220

Crompton, H. & Burke, D. (2023). Artificial intelligence in higher education: the state of the field. International journal of educational technology in higher education 20(22), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-023-00392-8
Demirel, E. S. (2023). İletişim alanında yapay zekâ: İletişim fakültelerinde yapay zekâ çalışmaları üzerine bir araştırma. International social sciences studies journal, 9(118), 9842-9852. http://dx.doi.org/10.29228/sssj.740
Eager, B. & Brunton, R. (2023). Prompting higher education towards AI-augmented teaching and learning practice. Journal of university teaching and learning practice, 20(5), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.53761/1.20.5.02
Foldes, S. (2018, March 2). AI won’t take over corporate communications, but it can help. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesagencycouncil/2018/03/02/ai-wont-take-over-corporate-communications-but-itcanhelp/#4a6dabf47aa0
Gerbner, G. (1959). Education and the challenge of mass culture. AV communication review, 7, 264-278. https://www.jstor.org/stable/30216896
Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M. & Signorielli, N. (1994). Growing up with television: The cultivation perspective. J. Bryant & D. Zillmann (Ed.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (1st edition) (p. 17-41). Lawrence Erlbaum.
Gulson, K. N. & Webb, P. T. (2017). Education policy and racial biopolitics in multicultural cities (1st edition). Policy.
Gunkel, D. J. (2012). Communication and artificial intelligence: Opportunities and challenges for the 21st century. Futures of communication,1(1), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.7275/R5QJ7F7R
Gürsoy, A. Ö. & Şavk, S. (2024). From scriptor to promptor: An evaluation of the status of authorship, authenticity, and creativity in light of the use of artificial intelligence in screenwriting. ARTS, 12, 57-82. https://doi.org/10.46372/arts.1482636
Güzey, C., Çakır, O., Athar, M. H. & Yurdaöz, E. (2023). Eğitimde yapay zekâ üzerine gerçekleştirilmiş araştırmalardaki eğilimlerin incelenmesi. Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri dergisi, 5(1), 67-78. https://doi.org/10.53694/bited.1060730
Hannan, E. & Liu, S. (2023). AI: new source of competitiveness in higher education. Competitiveness review, 33(2), 265-279. https://doi.org/10.1108/CR-03-2021-0045
Holmes, W., Bialik, M. & Fadel, C. (2021). Artificial intelligence in education: Promises and implications for teaching and learning (1st edition). Center for curriculum redesign.
Holmes, W., Persson, J., Chounta, I.A., Wasson, B. & Dimitrova, V. (2022). Artificial intelligence and education. A critical view through the lens of human rights, democracy, and the rule of law. Council of Europe. https://rm.coe.int/artificial-intelligence-andeducation-a-critical-view-through-the-lens/1680a886bd
HolonIQ. (2021, September 30). Global trends in education innovation & investment. https://www.holoniq.com/notes/2020-north-america-edtech-100-now
İşler, B. & Kılıç, M.Y. (2021). Eğitimde yapay zekâ kullanımı ve gelişimi. Yeni medya elektronik dergi, 5(1), 1-11. http://doi.org/10.17932/IAU.EJNM.25480200.2021/ejnm_v5i1001
Jaboob, M., Hazaimeh, M. & Al-Ansi, A. M. (2024). Integration of generative AI techniques and applications in student behavior and cognitive achievement in Arab higher education. International journal of human–computer interaction, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10447318.2023.2300016
Kazu, İ. Y. & Özdemir, O. (2009). Öğrencilerin bireysel özelliklerinin yapay zekâ ile belirlenmesi (Bulanık mantık örneği). 9. Akademik bilişim konferansı bildiri kitapçığı (1st edition) (p. 457-466). https://ab.org.tr/kitap/ab09-1.pdf
Luckin, R. (2018). Machine learning and human intelligence: The future of education for the 21st century (1st edition). UCL Institute of Education.
Marr, B. & Ward, M. (2019). Artificial intelligence in practice: How 50 successful companies used AI and machine learning to solve problems (1st edition). Wiley.
McCarthy, J., Minsky, M., Rochester, N. & Shannon, C.E. (2006). A proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on artificial intelligence. AI magazine, 27(4), 12-14. https://doi.org/10.1609/aimag.v27i4.1904
McLuhan, M. (1962). Gutenberg galaxy: The making of typographic man (1st edition). University of Toronto.
McLuhan, M. (1994). Understanding media: Extensions of man (1st edition). Ginko. https://spada.uns.ac.id/pluginfile.php/667112/mod_resource/content/1/metode%20cipta.pdf
McLuhan, M. & Fiore, Q. (1967). The medium is the massage (1st edition). Random house.
Michel-Villarreal, R., Vilalta-Perdomo, E., Salinas-Navarro, D. E., Thierry-Aguilera, R. & Gerardou, F.S. (2023). Challenges and opportunities of generative AI for higher education as explained by ChatGPT. Education sciences, 13(9), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13090856
Natale, S. (2021). Communicating through or communicating with approaching artificial intelligence from a communication and media studies perspective. Communication theory, 31(4), 905-910. https://doi.org/10.1093/ct/qtaa022
Neumann, M., Rauschenberger, M. & Schön, E. M. (2023). We need to talk about ChatGPT: The future of AI and higher education, 5th International workshop on software engineering education for the next generation (1st edition) (p. 29-32). https://doi.org/10.1109/SEENG59157.2023.00010
Öcal, E. E., Atay, E., Önsüz, M. F., Algın, F., Çokyiğit, F. K., Kılınç, S., Köse, Ö. S. & Yiğit, F. N. (2020). Tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin tıpta yapay zekâ ile ilgili düşünceleri. Türk tıp öğrencileri araştırma dergisi, 2(1), 9-16. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/toad/issue/54158/690620
Perrotta, C. & Selwyn, N. (2020). Deep learning goes to school: Toward a relational understanding of AI in education. Learning, media and technology, 45(3), 251-269. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2020.1686017
Saaida, M. B. (2023). AI-Driven transformations in higher education: Opportunities and challenges. International journal of educational research and studies, 5(1), 29-36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8164414
Shannon, C. E. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication, The bell system technical journal, 27, 379-423 and 623-656. https://people.math.harvard.edu/~ctm/home/text/others/shannon/entropy/entropy.pdf
Sousa, M. J., Dal Mas, F., Pesqueira, A., Lemos, C., Verde, J. M. & Cobianchi, L. (2021). The potential of AI in health higher education to increase the student’s learning outcomes. TEM journal, 10(2), 488-497. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM102-02
Sui, D. Z. & Goodchild, M.F. (2003). A tetradic analysis of GIS and society using McLuhan’s law of media. Canadian geographers, 47(1), 5-17. https://doi.org/10.1111/1541-0064.02e08
Taşçı, G. & Çelebi, M. (2020). Eğitimde yeni bir paradigma: Yükseköğretimde yapay zekâ. OPUS uluslararası toplum araştırmaları dergisi, 16(29), 2346-2370. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.747634
Tosyalı, H. (2021). Artificial intelligence in communication studies: An investigation on studies between 1982-2021. TRT akademi, 6(13), 680-699. https://doi.org/10.37679/trta.965966
Yılmaz, Y., Uzelli-Yılmaz, D., Yıldırım, D., Akın-Korhan, E. & Özer-Kaya, D. (2021). Yapay zekâ ve sağlıkta yapay zekânın kullanımına yönelik sağlık bilimleri fakültesi öğrencilerinin görüşleri. Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi sağlık bilimleri dergisi, 12(3), 297-308. https://doi.org/10.22312/sdusbed.950372
UNESCO. (2024). Eğitim ve araştırmada üretken yapay zekâ kılavuzu (1st edition). https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000390842/PDF/390842tur.pdf.multi
UNICEF. (2021). Policy guidance on AI for children. https://www.unicef.org/globalinsight/reports/policy-guidance-ai-children
Uzun, Y., Tümtürk, A. Y. & Öztürk, H. (2021). Günümüzde ve gelecekte eğitim alanında kullanılan yapay zekâ. 1. International conference on applied engineering and natural sciences, today and used in the future artificial intelligence (ICAENS) (1st edition) (p. 813-818). https://www.icaens.org/kopyas%C4%B1-publication
Wang, T., Lund, B. D., Marengo, A., Pagano., A., Mannuru, N. R., Teel, Z. A. & Pange J. (2023). Exploring the potential impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on international students in higher education: Generative AI, chatbots, analytics, and international student success. Applied sciences. 13(11), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3390/app13116716
Yıldırım, F. S. & Kıray, S. A. (2016). Flipped classroom model in education. W. Wu, S. Alan & M. T. Hebebci (Ed.), Research highlights in education and science (1st edition) (p. 2-8). ISRES.
Zawacki-Richter, O., Marín, V. I., Bond, M. & Gouverneur, F. (2019). Systematic review of research on artificial intelligence applications in higher education: Recommendations for future research. International journal of educational technology in higher education, 16(1), 1-27. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41239-019-0171-0
Zembylas, M. (2021). A decolonial approach to AI in higher education teaching and learning: strategies for undoing the ethics of digital neocolonialism. Learning, media and technology, 48(1), 25-37. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2021.2010094

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Kültürel çalışmalar (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Sevil Bal ^*
0000-0002-2737-4745
Türkiye

Sıla Tanışık
0000-0002-6020-5855
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

27 Şubat 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

15 Kasım 2024

Kabul Tarihi

13 Şubat 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Sayı: 13

DOI

https://doi.org/10.46372/arts.1585826

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA58YL92HK

Kaynak Göster

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Bal, S., & Tanışık, S. (2025). Education and artificial intelligence in communication studies: A technical-practical-ethical discussion in students’ experience of use. ARTS: Artuklu Sanat ve Beşeri Bilimler Dergisi, 13, 109-136. https://doi.org/10.46372/arts.1585826

Cited By

Enhancing Journalism and Communication Education Through Virtual Simulation Technology

International Journal of Web-Based Learning and Teaching Technologies

https://doi.org/10.4018/IJWLTT.381308