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Academic and Emotional Implications of COVID-19 on University Students: Changes in Three Periods

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 179 - 189, 13.10.2023

Aysun Ergül Topçu İlkiz Altınoğlu Dikmeer Cemrenur Karaaslan Merve Koçak Çapkın

https://doi.org/10.53478/yuksekogretim.1229921

Öz

The aim of this study is to investigate the long-term academic and emotional effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on university students in Türkiye over a two-year period. A successive independent samples study design was used. Data were from the participants who were selected through convenience sampling at three times 12 months apart between May 2020 and May 2022. 375 students participated at Time 1, 243 students at Time 2, and 454 students at Time 3. COVID-19 International University Students Well-Being Study survey, consisting of seven domains and 77 questions, was used to collect data. The results showed that the COVID-19 worry at T2 was significantly higher than the COVID-19 worry at T1 and T3, but no significant difference was found between T1 and T3. In addition, the academic stress level at T1 was significantly higher than T2 and T3, and the academic stress level at T2 was significantly higher than T3. Psychological well-being scores of the participants were found to be significantly higher at T3 than T1 and T2, but T1 and T2 scores did not show a significant difference. Academic satisfaction remained slightly above the average and showed no change in time. These results of this study, showing the significant long-term effects of the pandemic on university students, are expected to guide social politics on health and education practices.

Anahtar Kelimeler

academic stress academic satisfaction COVID-19 worry psychological well-being university students

Teşekkür

All authors thank the student participants who took part in this research voluntarily. Also, we would like to thank to Prof. Dr. Yeşim Yasak, our department chair, for her support and contribution to our study.

Kaynakça

  • Aguilera-Hermida, A. P. (2020). College students’ use and acceptance of emergency online learning due to COVID-19. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 1,100011. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100011
  • Akman, Ö., Yıldırım, D., & Sarıkaya, A. (2020). The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on nursing students’ anxiety levels. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12, 379-397. https:// doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.757110
  • Alghamdi, A. A. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the social and educational aspects of Saudi university students’ lives. Plos One, 16(4), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0250026
  • Almomani, E. Y., Qablan, A. M., Atrooz, F. Y., Almomany, A. M., Hajjo, R. M. & Almomani, H. Y. (2021). The influence of coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19): Pandemic and the quarantine practices on university students’ beliefs about the online learning experience in Jordan. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.595874
  • Andersen, M. S., Bento, A. I., Basu, A., Marsicano, C., & Simon, K. (2020). College openings, mobility, and the incidence of COVID-19 cases. MedRxiv, 10(2020.09), 22-20196048.
  • Arënliu, A., Bërxulli, D., Perolli-Shehu, B., Krasniqi, B., Gola, A., & Hyseni, F. (2021). Anxiety and depression among Kosovar university students during the initial phase of outbreak and lockdown of COVID-19 pandemic. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 9(1), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.1080/216 42850.2021.1903327
  • Aristovnik, A., Keržic, D., Ravšelj, D., Tomaževic, N. & Umek, L. (2020). Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on life of higher education students: A global perspective. Sustainability, 12(20), 8438. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208438
  • Bayar, B. D., Can, S. Y., Erten, M., & Ekmen, M. (2021). COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde üniversite öğrencilerinin depresyon ve stres düzeylerinin belirlenmesi [Determination of Depression and Stress Levels of University Students in the Covid-19 Pandemic Process]. Paramedik ve Acil Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi, 2(1), 12-25. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/pashid/issue/59582/867591
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  • Bulut, C., & Kato, Y. (2020). Epidemiology of COVID-19. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 50(9), 563-570. https://doi. org/10.3906/sag-2004-172
  • Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
  • Can, F., Ergül-Topçu, A., & Topçu, G. (2022). Health Beliefs in Association with Behaviors in Compliance with COVID-19 Public Health Guidelines: A Cross-sectional Study. Social Work in Public Health, 37(1), 14-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/19371918 .2021.1965938
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  • Debowska, A., Horeczy, B., Boduszek, D., & Dolinski, D. (2022). A repeated cross-sectional survey assessing university students’ stress, depression, anxiety, and suicidality in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Psychological Medicine, 52(15), 3744-3747. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000392X
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KOVİD-19’un Üniversite Öğrencileri Üzerindeki Akademik ve Duygusal Etkileri: Üç Zamandaki Değişimler

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 179 - 189, 13.10.2023

Aysun Ergül Topçu İlkiz Altınoğlu Dikmeer Cemrenur Karaaslan Merve Koçak Çapkın

https://doi.org/10.53478/yuksekogretim.1229921

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, KOVİD-19 salgınının Türkiye’deki üniversite öğrencileri üzerindeki uzun vadeli akademik ve duygusal etkilerini iki yıllık zaman dilimi içerisinde incelemektir. Araştırma ardışık bağımsız örneklemler deseni kullanılarak yürütülmüştür. Kolay örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen katılımcılardan ile Mayıs 2020 ile Mayıs 2022 arasında 12 ay arayla üç kez veri toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya 1. Zamanda (Z1) toplam 375 öğrenci, 2. Zamanda (Z2) 243 öğrenci ve 3. Zamanda (Z3) 454 öğrenci katılmıştır. Veri toplamak için yedi bölümden ve 77 sorudan oluşan KOVİD-19 Uluslararası Üniversite Öğrencileri İyilik Hali Anketi kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar Z2’deki KOVİD-19 endişesinin, Z1 ve Z3’teki KOVİD-19 endişesinden anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğunu göstermiş, ancak Z1 ile Z3 arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmamıştır. Ayrıca Z1’deki akademik stres düzeyinin, Z2 ve Z3’ten ve Z2’deki akademik stres düzeyinin Z3’ten önemli ölçüde daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür. Katılımcıların psikolojik iyi oluş puanları ise Z3’te Z1 ve Z2’den anlamlı olarak daha yüksek bulunmuş, ancak Z1 ve Z2 puanları anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemiştir. Akademik memnuniyet ortalamanın biraz üzerinde kalmış ve zaman içinde herhangi bir değişiklik göstermemiştir. KOVİD-19’un üniversite öğrencileri üzerinde uzun süreli önemli etkileri olduğunu gösteren bu bulguların, sağlık iletişimi ve eğitim uygulamaları açısından yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

akademik stres akademik memnuniyet COVID-19 endişesi psikolojik iyilik hali üniversite öğrencileri

Kaynakça

  • Aguilera-Hermida, A. P. (2020). College students’ use and acceptance of emergency online learning due to COVID-19. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 1,100011. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.ijedro.2020.100011
  • Akman, Ö., Yıldırım, D., & Sarıkaya, A. (2020). The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on nursing students’ anxiety levels. İstanbul Gelişim Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 12, 379-397. https:// doi.org/10.38079/igusabder.757110
  • Alghamdi, A. A. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the social and educational aspects of Saudi university students’ lives. Plos One, 16(4), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0250026
  • Almomani, E. Y., Qablan, A. M., Atrooz, F. Y., Almomany, A. M., Hajjo, R. M. & Almomani, H. Y. (2021). The influence of coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19): Pandemic and the quarantine practices on university students’ beliefs about the online learning experience in Jordan. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.595874
  • Andersen, M. S., Bento, A. I., Basu, A., Marsicano, C., & Simon, K. (2020). College openings, mobility, and the incidence of COVID-19 cases. MedRxiv, 10(2020.09), 22-20196048.
  • Arënliu, A., Bërxulli, D., Perolli-Shehu, B., Krasniqi, B., Gola, A., & Hyseni, F. (2021). Anxiety and depression among Kosovar university students during the initial phase of outbreak and lockdown of COVID-19 pandemic. Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine, 9(1), 239-250. https://doi.org/10.1080/216 42850.2021.1903327
  • Aristovnik, A., Keržic, D., Ravšelj, D., Tomaževic, N. & Umek, L. (2020). Impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on life of higher education students: A global perspective. Sustainability, 12(20), 8438. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12208438
  • Bayar, B. D., Can, S. Y., Erten, M., & Ekmen, M. (2021). COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde üniversite öğrencilerinin depresyon ve stres düzeylerinin belirlenmesi [Determination of Depression and Stress Levels of University Students in the Covid-19 Pandemic Process]. Paramedik ve Acil Sağlık Hizmetleri Dergisi, 2(1), 12-25. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/pashid/issue/59582/867591
  • Bialek, S., Boundy, E., Bowen, V., Chow, N., Cohn, A., Dowling, N., Ellington, S., Gierke, R., Hall, A., MacNeil, J., Patel, P., Peacock, G., Pilishvili, T., Hilda Razzaghi, N., Reed, N., Ritchey, M., & Sauber-Schatz, E. (2020). Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) — United States, February 12–March 16, 2020. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 69(12): 343–346. https://doi.org/10.15585/mmwr. mm6912e2
  • Bulut, C., & Kato, Y. (2020). Epidemiology of COVID-19. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 50(9), 563-570. https://doi. org/10.3906/sag-2004-172
  • Cao, W., Fang, Z., Hou, G., Han, M., Xu, X., Dong, J., & Zheng, J. (2020). The psychological impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on college students in China. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112934. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112934
  • Can, F., Ergül-Topçu, A., & Topçu, G. (2022). Health Beliefs in Association with Behaviors in Compliance with COVID-19 Public Health Guidelines: A Cross-sectional Study. Social Work in Public Health, 37(1), 14-27. https://doi.org/10.1080/19371918 .2021.1965938
  • Çetin, C., & Anuk, Ö. (2020). COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde yalnızlık ve psikolojik dayanıklılık: Bir kamu üniversitesi öğrencileri örneklemi [COVID-19 Pandemic Process and Psychological Resilience: Sample of Students from a Public University]. Avrasya Sosyal ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(5), 170-189. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/asead/issue/54658/733121
  • Debowska, A., Horeczy, B., Boduszek, D., & Dolinski, D. (2022). A repeated cross-sectional survey assessing university students’ stress, depression, anxiety, and suicidality in the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. Psychological Medicine, 52(15), 3744-3747. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172000392X
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  • Hassan, S. N., Algahtani, F. D., Zrieq, R., Aldhmadi, B. K., Atta, A., Obeidat, R. M., & Kadri, A. (2021). Academic Self-perception and course satisfaction among university students taking virtual classes during the COVID-19 pandemic in the Kingdom of Saudi-Arabia (KSA). Education Sciences, 11(3), 1-14. https://doi. org/10.3390/educsci11030134
  • Kahraman, M. E. (2020). COVID-19 Salgınının Uygulamalı Derslere Etkisi ve Bu Derslerin Uzaktan Eğitimle Yürütülmesi: Temel Tasarım Dersi Örneği [The Effect of COVID-19 Epidemic on Applied Courses and the Implementation of These Courses by Distance Education: Example of Basic Design Course]. Medeniyet Sanat Dergisi, 6(1), 44-56. https://doi.org/10.46641/ medeniyetsanat.741737
  • Karadağ, E., Çiftçi, S. K., Ramazan, G. Ö. K., Ahmet, S. U., Ergin- Kocatürk, H., & Çiftçi, Ş. S. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde üniversitelerin uzaktan eğitim kapasiteleri [Distance education capacities of universities during the COVID-19 pandemic process]. Üniversite Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 8-22. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/uad/issue/60894/874799
  • Keskin, M. & Özer Kaya, D. (2020). COVID-19 sürecinde öğrencilerin web tabanli uzaktan eğitime yönelik geri bildirimlerinin değerlendirilmesi [Evaluation of students’ feedbacks on webbased distance education in the COVID-19 process]. İzmir Katip Çelebi Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 59-67. Retrieved from https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ikcusbfd/ issue/55773/754174
  • Leeman, D., Flannagan, J., Chudasama, D., Dack, K., Anderson, C., Dabrera, G., & Lamagni, T. (2022). Effect of Returning University Students on COVID-19 Infections in England, 2020. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 28(7), 1366-1374. https://doi. org/10.3201/eid2807.212332
  • Li, X., Wu, H., Meng, F., Li, L., Wang, Y., & Zhou, M. (2020). Relations of COVID-19-related stressors and social support to Chinese college students’ psychological response during the COVID-19 epidemic. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 1084. https:// doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.551315
  • Li, H. Y., Cao, H., Leung, D. Y., & Mak, Y. W. (2020). The psychological impacts of a COVID-19 outbreak on college students in China: A longitudinal study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 3933. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113933
  • Long, E., Patterson, S., Maxwell, K., Blake, C., Pérez, R. B., Lewis, R., ... & Mitchell, K. R. (2022). COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on social relationships and health. J Epidemiol Community Health, 76(2), 128-132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2021-216690
  • Moawad, R. A. (2020). Online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic and academic stress in university students. Revista Româneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala, 12(1 Sup2), 100- 107. https://doi.org/10.18662/rrem/12.1sup2/252
  • Nakhostin-Ansari, A., Sherafati, A., Aghajani, F., Khonji, M. S., Aghajani, R., & Shahmansouri, N. (2020). Depression and anxiety among Iranian medical students during COVID-19 pandemic. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 15(3), 228-235. https://doi.org/10.18502/ijps.v15i3.3815
  • Pak, A., Adegboye, O. A., Adekunle, A. I., Rahman, K. M., McBryde, E. S., & Eisen, D. P. (2020). Economic consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak: The need for epidemic preparedness. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/ fpubh.2020.00241
  • Plakhotnik, M. S., Volkova, N. V., Jiang, C., Yahiaoui, D., Pheiffer, G., McKay, K., ... & Reißig-Thust, S. (2021). The perceived impact of COVID-19 on student well-being and the mediating role of the university support: Evidence from France, Germany, Russia and the UK. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 1-13. https://doi. org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.642689
  • Savage, M. J., James, R., Magistro, D., Donaldson, J., Healy, L. C., Nevill, M. ve Hennis, P. J. (2020). Mental health and movement behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic in UK university students: Prospective cohort study. Mental Health and Physical Activity, 19, 100357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhpa.2020.100357
  • Shaughnessy, J. J., Zechmeister, E. B. & Zechmeister, J. S. (2000). Research methods in psychology (10th ed.). McGraw-Hill.
  • Solomou, I., Constantinidou, F., Karekla, M., Psaltis, C., & Chatzittofis, A. (2021). The COVID-19 International Student Well-Being Study (C-19 ISWS): The Case of Cyprus. European Journal of Psychology Open, 5, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1024/2673- 8627/ a000014
  • Son, C., Hegde, S., Smith, A., Wang, X., & Sasangohar, F. (2020). Effects of COVID-19 on college students’ mental health in the United States: Interview survey study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(9), e21279. https://doi.org/10.2196/21279
  • Sundarasen, S., Chinna, K., Kamaludin, K., Nurunnabi, M., Baloch, G. M., Khoshaim, H. B., Hossain, S. F. A. & Sukayt, A. (2020). Psychological impact of COVID-19 and lockdown among university students in Malaysia: Implications and policy recommendations. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(17), 6206. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph17176206
  • Tang, W., Hu, T., Hu, B., Jin, C., Wang, G., Xie, C., Chen, S., & Xu, J. (2020). Prevalence and correlates of PTSD and depressive symptoms one month after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic in a sample of home-quarantined Chinese university students. Journal of Affective Disorders, 274, 1-7. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.009
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  • Wu, T., Jia, X., Shi, H., Niu, J., Yin, X., Xie, J., & Wang, X. (2021). Prevalence of mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 281, 91-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jad.2020.11.117
  • Yang, C., Chen, A., & Chen, Y. (2021). College students’ stress and health in the COVID-19 pandemic: The role of academic workload, separation from school, and fears of contagion. PloS one, 16(2), e0246676. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0246676
  • Yorguner, N., Bulut, N. S., & Akvardar, Y. (2021). COVID-19 Salgını sırasında üniversite öğrencilerinin karşılaştığı psikososyal zorlukların ve hastalığa yönelik bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarının incelenmesi [An analysis of the psychosocial challenges faced by the university students during COVID-19 pandemic, and the students? Knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward the disease]. Archives of Neuropsychiatry, 58, 3-10. https://doi.org/10.29399/ npa.27503
  • Zhang, Y., Zhang, H., Ma, X., & Di, Q. (2020). Mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemics and the mitigation effects of exercise: A longitudinal study of college students in China. International journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(10), 3722. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17103722
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Toplam 54 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Aysun Ergül Topçu 0000-0002-2657-5983

İlkiz Altınoğlu Dikmeer 0000-0001-9511-3478

Cemrenur Karaaslan 0000-0002-4643-5996

Merve Koçak Çapkın 0000-0002-7713-3173

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 29 Eylül 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 13 Ekim 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Ergül Topçu, A., Altınoğlu Dikmeer, İ., Karaaslan, C., Koçak Çapkın, M. (2023). Academic and Emotional Implications of COVID-19 on University Students: Changes in Three Periods. Yükseköğretim Dergisi, 13(2), 179-189. https://doi.org/10.53478/yuksekogretim.1229921
 Kapak Resmi İndir

Yükseköğretim Dergisi, bünyesinde yayınlanan yazıların fikirlerine resmen katılmaz, basılı ve çevrimiçi sürümlerinde yayınladığı hiçbir ürün veya servis reklamı için güvence vermez. Yayınlanan yazıların bilimsel ve yasal sorumlulukları yazarlarına aittir. Yazılarla birlikte gönderilen resim, şekil, tablo vb. unsurların özgün olması ya da daha önce yayınlanmış iseler derginin hem basılı hem de elektronik sürümünde yayınlanabilmesi için telif hakkı sahibinin yazılı onayının bulunması gerekir. Yazarlar yazılarının bütün yayın haklarını derginin yayıncısı Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi'ne (TÜBA) devrettiklerini kabul ederler. Yayınlanan içeriğin (yazı ve görsel unsurlar) telif hakları dergiye ait olur. Dergide yayınlanması uygun görülen yazılar için telif ya da başka adlar altında hiçbir ücret ödenmez ve baskı masrafı alınmaz; ancak ayrı baskı talepleri ücret karşılığı yerine getirilir.

TÜBA, yazarlardan devraldığı ve derginin çevrimiçi (online) sürümünde yayımladığı içerikle ilgili telif haklarından, bilimsel içeriğe evrensel açık erişimin (open access) desteklenmesi ve geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunmak amacıyla, bilinen standartlarda kaynak olarak gösterilmesi koşuluyla, ticari kullanım amacı ve içerik değişikliği dışında kalan tüm kullanım (çevrimiçi bağlantı verme, kopyalama, baskı alma, herhangi bir fiziksel ortamda çoğaltma ve dağıtma vb.) haklarını (ilgili içerikte tersi belirtilmediği sürece) Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-ND4.0) Lisansı aracılığıyla bedelsiz kullanıma sunmaktadır. İçeriğin ticari amaçlı kullanımı için TÜBA'dan yazılı izin alınması gereklidir.