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The relationship between foreign direct investment, economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions: Evidence from ARDL model with a structural break for Turkey

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 337 - 352, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1100759

Öz

This paper investigates the impact of foreign direct investments, energy consumption and economic growth on CO2 emissions in Turkey for the period of 1974-2015 by using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model with a structural break. FMOLS and DOLS estimations are employed to check robustness of the model. The findings reveal a long-run relationship between the variables, and show that FDI contributes positively to CO2 emissions, validating pollution haven hypothesis. Economic growth has significantly positive relationship with CO2 emissions whereas impact of its square on CO2 emissions is also significant, but negative which confirms Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis. Energy consumption is also positively associated with CO2 emissions, meaning that higher levels of energy consumption lead to a higher environmental degradation. The dummy variable including the structural break is also statistically significant and positive. It is concluded that because of FDI inflows engender an increment in carbon emissions, Turkey should adopt cleaner technologies to avoid environmental pollution.

Kaynakça

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Yıl 2022, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 337 - 352, 01.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1100759

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abbas, S., Kousar, S. & Pervaiz, A. (2021). Effects of energy consumption and ecological footprint on CO2 emissions: an empirical evidence from Pakistan. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 23(9), 13364-13381.
  • Adebayo, T. S., & Akinsola, G. D. (2021). Investigating the Causal Linkage Among Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and CO 2 Emissions in Thailand: An Application of the Wavelet Coherence Approach. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development, 10(1), 17-26.
  • Agboola, P. O., Hossain, M., Gyamfi, B. A. & Bekun, F. V. (2022). Environmental consequences of foreign direct investment influx and conventional energy consumption: evidence from dynamic ARDL simulation for Turkey. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-14.
  • Ahmed, Z., Ahmad, M., Murshed, M., Vaseer, A. I. & Kirikkaleli, D. (2022). The trade-off between energy consumption, economic growth, militarization, and CO2 emissions: does the treadmill of destruction exist in the modern world? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(12), 18063-18076.
  • Akbostanci, E., Turut-Asik, S. & Tunc, G. İ. (2009). The relationship between income and environment in Turkey: is there an environmental Kuznets curve? Energy Policy, 37(3), 861-867.
  • Akinlo, A. E. (2004). Foreign direct investment and growth in Nigeria: An empirical investigation. Journal of Policy Modeling, 26(5), 627-639.
  • Al-Mulali, U., Saboori, B., & Ozturk, I. (2015). Investigating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Vietnam. Energy Policy, 76, 123-131.
  • Al-Mulali, U. & Tang, C. F. (2013). Investigating the validity of pollution haven hypothesis in the gulf cooperation council (GCC) countries. Energy Policy, 60, 813-819.
  • Alam, M. J., Begum, I. A., Buysse, J., & Van Huylenbroeck, G. (2012). Energy consumption, carbon emissions and economic growth nexus in Bangladesh: Cointegration and dynamic causality analysis. Energy Policy, 45, 217-225.
  • Alfaro, L., Chanda, A., Kalemli-Ozcan, S. & Sayek, S. (2010). Does foreign direct investment promote growth? Exploring the role of financial markets on linkages. Journal of Development Economics, 91(2), 242-256.
  • Alshehry, A. S. & Belloumi, M. (2015). Energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions and economic growth: The case of Saudi Arabia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 41, 237-247.
  • Apergis, N. & Payne, J. E. (2009). CO2 emissions, energy usage, and output in Central America. Energy Policy, 37(8), 3282-3286.
  • Bakhsh, K., Rose, S., Ali, M. F., Ahmad, N. & Shahbaz, M. (2017). Economic growth, CO2 emissions, renewable waste and FDI relation in Pakistan: New evidences from 3SLS. Journal of Environmental Management, 196, 627-632.
  • Balibey, M. (2015). Relationships among CO2 emissions, economic growth and foreign direct investment and the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis in Turkey. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 5(4), 1042-1049.
  • Balli, E., Sigeze, C., Ugur, M. S. & Çatık, A. N. (2021). The relationship between FDI, CO2 emissions, and energy consumption in Asia-Pacific economic cooperation countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1-18.
  • Balsalobre-Lorente, D., Gokmenoglu, K. K., Taspinar, N. & Cantos-Cantos, J. M. (2019). An approach to the pollution haven and pollution halo hypotheses in MINT countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26(22), 23010-23026.
  • Barbier, E. (2011). The policy challenges for green economy and sustainable economic development. Natural Resources Forum, 35(3), 233-245.
  • Basar, S. & Temurlenk, M. S. (2007). Environmental Kuznets Curve: An Empirical Analysis for Turkey. Ataturk Universitesi, IIBF Dergisi, 21(1), 1-12.
  • Bekhet, H. A., Matar, A. & Yasmin, T. (2017). CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth, and financial development in GCC countries: Dynamic simultaneous equation models. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 70, 117-132.
  • Bekun, F. V., Emir, F. & Sarkodie, S. A. (2019). Another look at the relationship between energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, and economic growth in South Africa. Science of the Total Environment, 655, 759-765.
  • Bin, S. & Yue, L. (2012). Impact of foreign direct investment on China’s environment: An empirical study based on industrial panel data. Social Sciences in China, 33(4), 89-107.
  • Bildirici, M. E. (2021). Terrorism, environmental pollution, foreign direct investment (FDI), energy consumption, and economic growth: evidences from China, India, Israel, and Turkey. Energy & Environment, 32(1), 75-95.
  • Borensztein, E., De Gregorio, J. & Lee, J. W. (1998). How does foreign direct investment affect economic growth? Journal of international Economics, 45(1), 115-135.
  • Boutabba, M. A. (2014). The impact of financial development, income, energy and trade on carbon emissions: evidence from the Indian economy. Economic Modelling, 40, 33-41.
  • Bukhari, N., Shahzadi, K. & Ahmad, M. S. (2014). Consequence of FDI on CO2 emissions in case of Pakistan. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research, 20(9), 1183-1189.
  • Bulut, U. (2021). Environmental sustainability in Turkey: an environmental Kuznets curve estimation for ecological footprint. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 28(3), 227-237.
  • Caves, R. E. (1971). International corporations: The industrial economics of foreign investment. Economica, 38(149), 1-27.
  • Chandran, V. G. R. & Tang, C. F. (2013). The impacts of transport energy consumption, foreign direct investment and income on CO2 emissions in ASEAN-5 economies. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 24, 445-453.
  • Cole, M. A. (2007). Corruption, income and the environment: an empirical analysis. Ecological Economics, 62(3-4), 637-647.
  • Dogan, E., Ulucak, R., Kocak, E. & Isik, C. (2020). The use of ecological footprint in estimating the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for BRICST by considering cross-section dependence and heterogeneity. Science of the Total Environment, 723, 138063.
  • Duan, Y. & Jiang, X. (2021). Pollution haven or pollution halo? A Re-evaluation on the role of multinational enterprises in global CO2 emissions. Energy Economics, 97, 105181.
  • Elgin, C. & Oztunalı, O. (2014). Environmental Kuznets curve for the informal sector of Turkey (1950-2009). Panoeconomicus, 61(4), 471-485.
  • Essandoh, O. K., Islam, M. & Kakinaka, M. (2020). Linking international trade and foreign direct investment to CO2 emissions: Any differences between developed and developing countries? Science of the Total Environment, No. 712, 136437.
  • Faras, R. Y. & Ghali, K. H. (2009). Foreign direct investment and economic growth: the case of the GCC countries. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 29, 134-145
  • Go, Y. H., Lau, L. S., Liew, F. M., & Senadjki, A. (2021). A transport environmental Kuznets curve analysis for Malaysia: exploring the role of corruption. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(3), 3421-3433.
  • Gokmenoglu, K. & Taspinar, N. (2016). The relationship between CO2 emissions, energy consumption, economic growth and FDI: the case of Turkey. The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 25(5), 706-723.
  • Grossman, G. M. & Krueger, A. B. (1991). Environmental impacts of a North American free trade agreement. NBER Working Paper Series, WP No. 3914. NBER: Cambridge.
  • Gurluk, S. & Karaer, F. (2004). On The Examination of the Relation between Economic Growth and Environmental Pollution. Tarim Ekonomisi Dergisi, 10(1, 2), 43-54.
  • Halicioglu, F. (2009). An econometric study of CO2 emissions, energy consumption, income and foreign trade in Turkey. Energy Policy, 37(3), 1156-1164.
  • Hanley, N., Shogren, J. & White, B. (2019). Introduction to Environmental Economics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Haug, A. A. & Ucal, M. (2019). The role of trade and FDI for CO2 emissions in Turkey: Nonlinear relationships. Energy Economics, 81, 297-307.
  • He, J. (2006). Pollution haven hypothesis and environmental impacts of foreign direct investment: The case of industrial emission of sulfur dioxide (SO2) in Chinese provinces. Ecological Economics, 60(1), 228-245.
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Toplam 98 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mehmet Sedat Uğur 0000-0002-2562-5299

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 22 Haziran 2022
Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Temmuz 2022
Kabul Tarihi 12 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Uğur, M. S. (2022). The relationship between foreign direct investment, economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions: Evidence from ARDL model with a structural break for Turkey. Ege Academic Review, 22(3), 337-352. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1100759
AMA Uğur MS. The relationship between foreign direct investment, economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions: Evidence from ARDL model with a structural break for Turkey. eab. Temmuz 2022;22(3):337-352. doi:10.21121/eab.1100759
Chicago Uğur, Mehmet Sedat. “The Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions: Evidence from ARDL Model With a Structural Break for Turkey”. Ege Academic Review 22, sy. 3 (Temmuz 2022): 337-52. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1100759.
EndNote Uğur MS (01 Temmuz 2022) The relationship between foreign direct investment, economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions: Evidence from ARDL model with a structural break for Turkey. Ege Academic Review 22 3 337–352.
IEEE M. S. Uğur, “The relationship between foreign direct investment, economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions: Evidence from ARDL model with a structural break for Turkey”, eab, c. 22, sy. 3, ss. 337–352, 2022, doi: 10.21121/eab.1100759.
ISNAD Uğur, Mehmet Sedat. “The Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions: Evidence from ARDL Model With a Structural Break for Turkey”. Ege Academic Review 22/3 (Temmuz 2022), 337-352. https://doi.org/10.21121/eab.1100759.
JAMA Uğur MS. The relationship between foreign direct investment, economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions: Evidence from ARDL model with a structural break for Turkey. eab. 2022;22:337–352.
MLA Uğur, Mehmet Sedat. “The Relationship Between Foreign Direct Investment, Economic Growth, Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions: Evidence from ARDL Model With a Structural Break for Turkey”. Ege Academic Review, c. 22, sy. 3, 2022, ss. 337-52, doi:10.21121/eab.1100759.
Vancouver Uğur MS. The relationship between foreign direct investment, economic growth, energy consumption and CO2 emissions: Evidence from ARDL model with a structural break for Turkey. eab. 2022;22(3):337-52.