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Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 35 - 41, 30.09.2020

Abstract

References

  • Agomuo, E. N., & Amadi, P. U. (2017). Accumulation and toxicologi-cal risk assessments of heavy metals of top soils from markets in Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria. Environmental Nanotechnology, Moni-toring & Management, 8, 121-126.
  • Aksoy, A., & Ozturk, M. (1996). Phoenix dactylifera L. as a biomonitor of heavy metal pollution in Turkey. Journal of Trace and Micro-probe Techniques, 14(3), 605-614.
  • Aksoy, A., & Sahin, U. (1999). Elaeagnus angustifolia L. as a biomoni-tor of heavy metal pollution. Turkish Journal of Botany, 23(2), 83-88.
  • Aksoy, A., Hale, W. H., & Dixon, J. M. (1999). Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic. as a biomonitor of heavy metals. Science of the Total Environment, 226(2-3), 177-186.
  • Barker, A. V., & Pilbeam, D. J. (2015). Handbook of plant nutrition. (pp. 1-773). CRC press.
  • Bediako, J. K., Wei, W., Kim, S., & Yun, Y. S. (2015). Removal of heavy metals from aqueous phases using chemically modified waste Lyocell fiber. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 299, 550-561.
  • Celik, A., Kartal, A. A., Akdogan, A., & Kaska, Y. (2005). Determining the heavy metal pollution in Denizli (Turkey) by using Robinio pseudo-acacia L. Environment International, 31(1), 105-112.
  • Charlesworth, S., Everett, M., McCarthy, R., Ordonez, A., & De Miguel, E. (2003). A comparative study of heavy metal concentration and dis-tribution in deposited street dusts in a large and a small urban area: Birmingham and Coventry, West Midlands, UK. Environment Inter-national, 29(5), 563-573.
  • Das, S., Lee, S. H., Kumar, P., Kim, K. H., Lee, S. S., & Bhattacharya, S. S. (2019). Solid waste management: scope and the challenge of sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 228, 658-678.
  • Dhakal, B., & Kattel, R. R. (2019). Effects of global changes on ecosys-tems services of multiple natural resources in mountain agricultural landscapes. Science of the Total Environment, 676, 665-682.
  • Dimitrijević, M. D., Nujkić, M. M., Alagić, S. Č., Milić, S. M., & Tošić, S. B. (2016). Heavy metal contamination of topsoil and parts of peach-tree growing at different distances from a smelting com-plex. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technol-ogy, 13(2), 615-630.
  • Dzierzanowski, K., Popek, R., Gawrońska, H., Sæbø, A., & Gawroński, S. W. (2011). Deposition of particulate matter of different size frac-tions on leaf surfaces and in waxes of urban forest species. Interna-tional Journal of Phytoremediation, 13(10), 1037-1046.
  • Guvenc, N., Alagha, O., & Tuncel, G. (2003). Investigation of soil multi-element composition in Antalya, Turkey. Environment Inter-national, 29(5), 631-640.
  • Hawkins, S. J., O'Shaughnessy, K. A., Adams, L. A., Langston, W. J., Bray, S., Allen, J. R., & Firth, L. B. (2020). Recovery of an urban-ised estuary: Clean-up, de-industrialisation and restoration of redun-dant dock-basins in the Mersey. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 156, 111150.
  • Herojeet, R., Rishi, M. S., & Kishore, N. (2015). Integrated approach of heavy metal pollution indices and complexity quantification using chemometric models in the Sirsa Basin, Nalagarh valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 34(4), 620-633.
  • Hoang, H. G., Lin, C., Tran, H. T., Chiang, C. F., Bui, X. T., Cheruiyot, N. K., & Lee, C. W. (2020). Heavy metal contamination trends in surface water and sediments of a river in a highly-industrialized re-gion. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 101043.
  • Hogan, C. M. (2010). Heavy metal. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Eds E. Monosson & C. Cleveland, Washington DC. https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&profile=default&search=heavy+metal&fulltext= Search, Last accessed on September 2020.
  • Jaradat, Q. M., & Momani, K. A. (1999). Contamination of roadside soil, plants, and air with heavy metals in Jordan, a comparative study. Turkish Journal of Chemistry, 23(2), 209-220.
  • Kabata-Pendias, A. & Pendias, H. (2001). Trace elements in soils and plants. 3rd ed., (pp. 1-432). CRC Press, Boca Raton New York, Washington, D.C.
  • Kabata-Pendias, A. & Mukherjee, A. B. (2007). Trace elements from soil to human. (pp. 1-550). Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, New York.
  • Karaca, F., Alagha, O., & Erturk, F. (2005). Statistical characterization of atmospheric PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations at a non-impacted suburban site of Istanbul, Turkey. Chemosphere, 59(8), 1183-1190.
  • Karahan, F., Ozyigit, I. I., Saracoglu, I. A., Yalcin, I. E., Hocaoglu-Ozyigit, A., & Ilcim, A. (2020). Heavy metal levels and mineral nu-trient status in different parts of various medicinal plants collected from eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Biological Trace El-ement Research, 197, 316-329.
  • Kashem, M. A., & Singh, B. R. (1999). Heavy metal contamination of soil and vegetation in the vicinity of industries in Bangladesh. Wa-ter, Air, and Soil Pollution, 115(1-4), 347-361.
  • Keshavarzi, B., Najmeddin, A., Moore, F., & Moghaddam, P. A. (2019). Risk-based assessment of soil pollution by potentially toxic elements in the industrialized urban and peri-urban areas of Ahvaz metropolis, southwest of Iran. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 167, 365-375.
  • Lee, C. S. L., Li, X., Shi, W., Cheung, S. C. N., & Thornton, I. (2006). Metal contamination in urban, suburban, and country park soils of Hong Kong: a study based on GIS and multivariate statis-tics. Science of the Total Environment, 356(1-3), 45-61.
  • Li, B., Huang, H., Sun, Z., Zhao, N., Munir, T., Yu, W., & Young, B. (2020). Minimizing heavy metals in recovered struvite from swine wastewater after anaerobic biochemical treatment: reaction mecha-nisms and pilot test. Journal of Cleaner Production, 122649.
  • Martínez-López, J., Carreño, M. F., Palazón-Ferrando, J. A., Martínez-Fernández, J., & Esteve, M. A. (2014). Remote sensing of plant communities as a tool for assessing the condition of semiarid Medi-terranean saline wetlands in agricultural catchments. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 26, 193-204.
  • McDonald, A. G., Bealey, W. J., Fowler, D., Dragosits, U., Skiba, U., Smith, R. I., & Nemitz, E. (2007). Quantifying the effect of urban tree planting on concentrations and depositions of PM10 in two UK conur- bations. Atmospheric Environment, 41(38), 8455-8467.
  • Mingorance, M. D., Valdes, B., & Oliva, S. R. (2007). Strategies of heavy metal uptake by plants growing under industrial emissions. Environment International, 33(4), 514-520.
  • Ozdemir, H. (2019). Mitigation impact of roadside trees on fine particle pollution. Science of the Total Environment, 659, 1176-1185.
  • Ozdemir, H., Pozzoli, L., Kindap, T., Demir, G., Mertoglu, B., Mihalo-poulos, N., & Unal, A. (2014). Spatial and temporal analysis of black carbon aerosols in Istanbul megacity. Science of the Total En-vironment, 473, 451-458.
  • Ozturk, A., Yarci, C., & Ozyigit, I. I. (2017). Assessment of heavy metal pollution in Istanbul using plant (Celtis australis L.) and soil assays. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 31(5), 948-954.
  • Ozyigit, I. I., Uras, M. E., Yalcin, I. E., Severoglu, Z., Demir, G., Borkoev, B., ... & Solak, A. O. (2019). Heavy metal levels and min-eral nutrient status of natural walnut (Juglans regia L.) populations in Kyrgyzstan: nutritional values of kernels. Biological Trace Ele-ment Research, 189(1), 277-290.
  • Ozyigit, I. I., Yalcin, B., Turan, S., Saracoglu, I. A., Karadeniz, S., Yalcin, I. E., & Demir, G. (2018). Investigation of heavy metal level and mineral nutrient status in widely used medicinal plants’ leaves in Turkey: Insights into health implications. Biological Trace Element Research, 182(2), 387-406.
  • Piczak, K., Leśniewicz, A., & Żyrnicki, W. (2003). Metal concentrations in deciduous tree leaves from urban areas in Poland. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 86(3), 273-287.
  • Ronchi, S., Salata, S., Arcidiacono, A., Piroli, E., & Montanarella, L. (2019). Policy instruments for soil protection among the EU mem-ber states: A comparative analysis. Land Use Policy, 82, 763-780.
  • Serbula, S. M., Kalinovic, T. S., Ilic, A. A., Kalinovic, J. V., & Stehar-nik, M. M. (2012). Assessment of airborne heavy metal pollution using Pinus spp. and Tilia spp. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 13(2), 563-573.
  • Sezgin, N., Ozcan, H. K., Demir, G., Nemlioglu, S., & Bayat, C. (2004). Determination of heavy metal concentrations in street dusts in Istan-bul E-5 highway. Environment International, 29(7), 979-985.
  • Ugulu, I., Dogan, Y., Baslar, S., & Varol, O. (2012). Biomonitoring of trace element accumulation in plants growing at Murat Mountain. In-ternational Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 9(3), 527-534.
  • Unal, Y. S., Sonuc, C. Y., Incecik, S., Topcu, H. S., Diren-Ustun, D. H., & Temizoz, H. P. (2020). Investigating urban heat island intensity in Istanbul. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 139(1-2), 175-190.
  • Uyar, G., Avcil, E., Oren, M., Karaca, F., & Oncel, M. S. (2009). De-termination of heavy metal pollution in Zonguldak (Turkey) by moss analysis (Hypnum cupressiforme). Environmental Engineering Science, 26(1), 183-194.
  • Yalcin, I. E., Ozyigit, I. I., Dogan, I., Demir, G., & Yarci, C. (2020). Using the Turkish red pine tree to monitor heavy metal pollu-tion. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 29(5), 3881-3889.
  • Yener, S. H. (2007). The biomonitor characteristics of Alcea pallida Waldst. et Kit and Hibiscus syriacus L. (Malvaceae), Ph.D. Disserta-tion. Marmara University, Institute of Sciences, Istanbul-Turkey.
  • Yener, S. H., & Yarci, C. (2010). Alcea pallida Waldst. & Kit.(Malvaceae) as a heavy metal biomonitor in Istanbul (Tur-key). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 19(5a), 1024-1030.
  • Yin, X., Zhang, L., Harigai, M., Wang, X., Ning, S., Nakase, M., & Takeshita, K. (2020). Hydrothermal-treatment desorption of cesium from clay minerals: the roles of organic acids and implications for soil decontamination. Water Research, 115804.

Deposition of Heavy Metals on Coniferous Tree Leaves and Soils Near Heavy Urban Traffic

Year 2020, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 35 - 41, 30.09.2020

Abstract

In this study, the heavy metal pollution and its accumulation effects in soil is the major cause. The magnitude and dis-tribution of heavy metal pollution in Istanbul has been investigated by taking soil and plant samples from urban intersections and refuges defined as passive green areas in Ataşehir, Beykoz, Kadıköy, Kartal, Maltepe and Pendik, Sancaktepe, Sul-tanbeyli, Ümraniye and Üsküdar districts of Anatolian Side of Istanbul Province. Within this scope, 205 leaf samples (3 needle-leaved) and 170 soil samples were collected from 2 different depths (0-20 cm and 40 cm) and samples taked from 17 different passively green area locations. Concentrations of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn), which cause pollution in the samples were measured using the ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometer) instrument. The average Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn levels for 0-20 cm depth in soil samples were; 6.03, 55.72, 38.01, 48.59, 32.69, 90.30 mg kg-1. For 20-40 cm deep soils, mean values were determined as 6.10, 55.66, 35.11, 49.75, 33.51, 83.85 mg kg-1, respectively. Results show us more than one point samples in different depths and locations exceeded excepting limit values almost every heavy metal.

References

  • Agomuo, E. N., & Amadi, P. U. (2017). Accumulation and toxicologi-cal risk assessments of heavy metals of top soils from markets in Owerri, Imo state, Nigeria. Environmental Nanotechnology, Moni-toring & Management, 8, 121-126.
  • Aksoy, A., & Ozturk, M. (1996). Phoenix dactylifera L. as a biomonitor of heavy metal pollution in Turkey. Journal of Trace and Micro-probe Techniques, 14(3), 605-614.
  • Aksoy, A., & Sahin, U. (1999). Elaeagnus angustifolia L. as a biomoni-tor of heavy metal pollution. Turkish Journal of Botany, 23(2), 83-88.
  • Aksoy, A., Hale, W. H., & Dixon, J. M. (1999). Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic. as a biomonitor of heavy metals. Science of the Total Environment, 226(2-3), 177-186.
  • Barker, A. V., & Pilbeam, D. J. (2015). Handbook of plant nutrition. (pp. 1-773). CRC press.
  • Bediako, J. K., Wei, W., Kim, S., & Yun, Y. S. (2015). Removal of heavy metals from aqueous phases using chemically modified waste Lyocell fiber. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 299, 550-561.
  • Celik, A., Kartal, A. A., Akdogan, A., & Kaska, Y. (2005). Determining the heavy metal pollution in Denizli (Turkey) by using Robinio pseudo-acacia L. Environment International, 31(1), 105-112.
  • Charlesworth, S., Everett, M., McCarthy, R., Ordonez, A., & De Miguel, E. (2003). A comparative study of heavy metal concentration and dis-tribution in deposited street dusts in a large and a small urban area: Birmingham and Coventry, West Midlands, UK. Environment Inter-national, 29(5), 563-573.
  • Das, S., Lee, S. H., Kumar, P., Kim, K. H., Lee, S. S., & Bhattacharya, S. S. (2019). Solid waste management: scope and the challenge of sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 228, 658-678.
  • Dhakal, B., & Kattel, R. R. (2019). Effects of global changes on ecosys-tems services of multiple natural resources in mountain agricultural landscapes. Science of the Total Environment, 676, 665-682.
  • Dimitrijević, M. D., Nujkić, M. M., Alagić, S. Č., Milić, S. M., & Tošić, S. B. (2016). Heavy metal contamination of topsoil and parts of peach-tree growing at different distances from a smelting com-plex. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technol-ogy, 13(2), 615-630.
  • Dzierzanowski, K., Popek, R., Gawrońska, H., Sæbø, A., & Gawroński, S. W. (2011). Deposition of particulate matter of different size frac-tions on leaf surfaces and in waxes of urban forest species. Interna-tional Journal of Phytoremediation, 13(10), 1037-1046.
  • Guvenc, N., Alagha, O., & Tuncel, G. (2003). Investigation of soil multi-element composition in Antalya, Turkey. Environment Inter-national, 29(5), 631-640.
  • Hawkins, S. J., O'Shaughnessy, K. A., Adams, L. A., Langston, W. J., Bray, S., Allen, J. R., & Firth, L. B. (2020). Recovery of an urban-ised estuary: Clean-up, de-industrialisation and restoration of redun-dant dock-basins in the Mersey. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 156, 111150.
  • Herojeet, R., Rishi, M. S., & Kishore, N. (2015). Integrated approach of heavy metal pollution indices and complexity quantification using chemometric models in the Sirsa Basin, Nalagarh valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. Chinese Journal of Geochemistry, 34(4), 620-633.
  • Hoang, H. G., Lin, C., Tran, H. T., Chiang, C. F., Bui, X. T., Cheruiyot, N. K., & Lee, C. W. (2020). Heavy metal contamination trends in surface water and sediments of a river in a highly-industrialized re-gion. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 101043.
  • Hogan, C. M. (2010). Heavy metal. Encyclopedia of Earth. National Council for Science and the Environment. Eds E. Monosson & C. Cleveland, Washington DC. https://editors.eol.org/eoearth/index.php?title=Special%3ASearch&profile=default&search=heavy+metal&fulltext= Search, Last accessed on September 2020.
  • Jaradat, Q. M., & Momani, K. A. (1999). Contamination of roadside soil, plants, and air with heavy metals in Jordan, a comparative study. Turkish Journal of Chemistry, 23(2), 209-220.
  • Kabata-Pendias, A. & Pendias, H. (2001). Trace elements in soils and plants. 3rd ed., (pp. 1-432). CRC Press, Boca Raton New York, Washington, D.C.
  • Kabata-Pendias, A. & Mukherjee, A. B. (2007). Trace elements from soil to human. (pp. 1-550). Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, New York.
  • Karaca, F., Alagha, O., & Erturk, F. (2005). Statistical characterization of atmospheric PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations at a non-impacted suburban site of Istanbul, Turkey. Chemosphere, 59(8), 1183-1190.
  • Karahan, F., Ozyigit, I. I., Saracoglu, I. A., Yalcin, I. E., Hocaoglu-Ozyigit, A., & Ilcim, A. (2020). Heavy metal levels and mineral nu-trient status in different parts of various medicinal plants collected from eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. Biological Trace El-ement Research, 197, 316-329.
  • Kashem, M. A., & Singh, B. R. (1999). Heavy metal contamination of soil and vegetation in the vicinity of industries in Bangladesh. Wa-ter, Air, and Soil Pollution, 115(1-4), 347-361.
  • Keshavarzi, B., Najmeddin, A., Moore, F., & Moghaddam, P. A. (2019). Risk-based assessment of soil pollution by potentially toxic elements in the industrialized urban and peri-urban areas of Ahvaz metropolis, southwest of Iran. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 167, 365-375.
  • Lee, C. S. L., Li, X., Shi, W., Cheung, S. C. N., & Thornton, I. (2006). Metal contamination in urban, suburban, and country park soils of Hong Kong: a study based on GIS and multivariate statis-tics. Science of the Total Environment, 356(1-3), 45-61.
  • Li, B., Huang, H., Sun, Z., Zhao, N., Munir, T., Yu, W., & Young, B. (2020). Minimizing heavy metals in recovered struvite from swine wastewater after anaerobic biochemical treatment: reaction mecha-nisms and pilot test. Journal of Cleaner Production, 122649.
  • Martínez-López, J., Carreño, M. F., Palazón-Ferrando, J. A., Martínez-Fernández, J., & Esteve, M. A. (2014). Remote sensing of plant communities as a tool for assessing the condition of semiarid Medi-terranean saline wetlands in agricultural catchments. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 26, 193-204.
  • McDonald, A. G., Bealey, W. J., Fowler, D., Dragosits, U., Skiba, U., Smith, R. I., & Nemitz, E. (2007). Quantifying the effect of urban tree planting on concentrations and depositions of PM10 in two UK conur- bations. Atmospheric Environment, 41(38), 8455-8467.
  • Mingorance, M. D., Valdes, B., & Oliva, S. R. (2007). Strategies of heavy metal uptake by plants growing under industrial emissions. Environment International, 33(4), 514-520.
  • Ozdemir, H. (2019). Mitigation impact of roadside trees on fine particle pollution. Science of the Total Environment, 659, 1176-1185.
  • Ozdemir, H., Pozzoli, L., Kindap, T., Demir, G., Mertoglu, B., Mihalo-poulos, N., & Unal, A. (2014). Spatial and temporal analysis of black carbon aerosols in Istanbul megacity. Science of the Total En-vironment, 473, 451-458.
  • Ozturk, A., Yarci, C., & Ozyigit, I. I. (2017). Assessment of heavy metal pollution in Istanbul using plant (Celtis australis L.) and soil assays. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 31(5), 948-954.
  • Ozyigit, I. I., Uras, M. E., Yalcin, I. E., Severoglu, Z., Demir, G., Borkoev, B., ... & Solak, A. O. (2019). Heavy metal levels and min-eral nutrient status of natural walnut (Juglans regia L.) populations in Kyrgyzstan: nutritional values of kernels. Biological Trace Ele-ment Research, 189(1), 277-290.
  • Ozyigit, I. I., Yalcin, B., Turan, S., Saracoglu, I. A., Karadeniz, S., Yalcin, I. E., & Demir, G. (2018). Investigation of heavy metal level and mineral nutrient status in widely used medicinal plants’ leaves in Turkey: Insights into health implications. Biological Trace Element Research, 182(2), 387-406.
  • Piczak, K., Leśniewicz, A., & Żyrnicki, W. (2003). Metal concentrations in deciduous tree leaves from urban areas in Poland. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 86(3), 273-287.
  • Ronchi, S., Salata, S., Arcidiacono, A., Piroli, E., & Montanarella, L. (2019). Policy instruments for soil protection among the EU mem-ber states: A comparative analysis. Land Use Policy, 82, 763-780.
  • Serbula, S. M., Kalinovic, T. S., Ilic, A. A., Kalinovic, J. V., & Stehar-nik, M. M. (2012). Assessment of airborne heavy metal pollution using Pinus spp. and Tilia spp. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 13(2), 563-573.
  • Sezgin, N., Ozcan, H. K., Demir, G., Nemlioglu, S., & Bayat, C. (2004). Determination of heavy metal concentrations in street dusts in Istan-bul E-5 highway. Environment International, 29(7), 979-985.
  • Ugulu, I., Dogan, Y., Baslar, S., & Varol, O. (2012). Biomonitoring of trace element accumulation in plants growing at Murat Mountain. In-ternational Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 9(3), 527-534.
  • Unal, Y. S., Sonuc, C. Y., Incecik, S., Topcu, H. S., Diren-Ustun, D. H., & Temizoz, H. P. (2020). Investigating urban heat island intensity in Istanbul. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 139(1-2), 175-190.
  • Uyar, G., Avcil, E., Oren, M., Karaca, F., & Oncel, M. S. (2009). De-termination of heavy metal pollution in Zonguldak (Turkey) by moss analysis (Hypnum cupressiforme). Environmental Engineering Science, 26(1), 183-194.
  • Yalcin, I. E., Ozyigit, I. I., Dogan, I., Demir, G., & Yarci, C. (2020). Using the Turkish red pine tree to monitor heavy metal pollu-tion. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 29(5), 3881-3889.
  • Yener, S. H. (2007). The biomonitor characteristics of Alcea pallida Waldst. et Kit and Hibiscus syriacus L. (Malvaceae), Ph.D. Disserta-tion. Marmara University, Institute of Sciences, Istanbul-Turkey.
  • Yener, S. H., & Yarci, C. (2010). Alcea pallida Waldst. & Kit.(Malvaceae) as a heavy metal biomonitor in Istanbul (Tur-key). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 19(5a), 1024-1030.
  • Yin, X., Zhang, L., Harigai, M., Wang, X., Ning, S., Nakase, M., & Takeshita, K. (2020). Hydrothermal-treatment desorption of cesium from clay minerals: the roles of organic acids and implications for soil decontamination. Water Research, 115804.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Structural Biology, Ecology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Özlem Turan This is me 0000-0001-9745-9974

Hüseyin Özdemir 0000-0002-3166-6513

Göksel Demir 0000-0002-7815-1197

Publication Date September 30, 2020
Submission Date August 15, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Turan, Ö., Özdemir, H., & Demir, G. (2020). Deposition of Heavy Metals on Coniferous Tree Leaves and Soils Near Heavy Urban Traffic. Frontiers in Life Sciences and Related Technologies, 1(1), 35-41.

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Frontiers in Life Sciences and Related Technologies is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.